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Hydronic systems are an essential part of our daily lives, ensuring comfort, heating, cooling, and hot water supply. But what makes their operation possible are the hydronic components.
Every element of a system, from the smallest fitting to complex regulation systems, plays a fundamental role. This article focuses on these components, their functions, and the importance of choosing high-quality materials.

What are hydronic components?

Hydronic components are all the elements that make up the system, contributing to the transport, regulation, and distribution of water or other fluids. It’s not just about pipes and valves. Each piece must be designed to withstand high pressures, extreme temperatures, and ensure optimal efficiency over the long term.

The main components used in hydronic systems and their roles are:

  • Pipes and Fittings

Pipes represent the circulatory system of the hydronic installation, transporting hot, cold, or chilled water to the points of use. Among the most commonly used materials are copper, known for its corrosion resistance and excellent thermal conductivity; cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), appreciated for its lightness, flexibility, and ease of installation; and multilayer pipes, which combine the flexibility of plastic with the strength of metal. Fittings, on the other hand, connect the pipes and can be threaded, press-fit, or welded, depending on the system’s requirements.

  • Valves

Valves play a crucial role in regulating the flow of water or other fluids within the system. Shut-off valves isolate sections of the system for maintenance or repair, safety valves protect the system by discharging excess pressure, and thermostatic valves regulate the water temperature in emission terminals, such as radiators.

  • Heat Exchangers

Heat exchangers are essential for transferring thermal energy from one fluid to another without mixing them. They are commonly found in boilers, heat pumps, and solar thermal systems, and are made from durable materials like stainless steel to withstand high temperatures and pressures.

  • Filters

Filters protect the system by trapping impurities, scale, and particles that could compromise its operation. Magnetic filters capture ferrous particles, and mechanical filters remove larger sediments and impurities. Both are vital to preserving the system’s efficiency and longevity.

  • Circulation Pumps

Circulation pumps ensure the continuous movement of the thermal fluid within the system. Variable-speed pumps, in particular, are highly valued as they adjust the flow to specific needs, improving energy efficiency. These pumps are constructed from robust materials like stainless steel or cast iron to withstand high pressures and temperatures.

  • Expansion Tanks

Expansion tanks compensate for the volume increase of the thermal fluid when it heats up. They can be open or closed, depending on the system’s characteristics, and are often coated with anti-corrosion materials to ensure long durability and reduced maintenance.

The importance of component quality

A hydronic system is only as efficient as its components. Choosing low-quality materials can lead to breakdowns, energy waste, and expensive repairs.

What to look for in a quality component:

  • Resistance: must withstand high pressures and extreme temperatures without deforming or deteriorating.
  • Durability: materials should ensure a long service life, minimizing maintenance.
  • Efficiency: every component must contribute to optimal system performance, reducing energy waste.

Innovations in hydronic components

Innovation in the hydronic sector translates into components designed to deliver superior performance and reduce environmental impact. In particular, low-lead alloys represent a significant step toward greater sustainability and environmental safety.

Among these, LIBRA, a brass alloy produced by Metallurgica San Marco, a subsidiary of Tecnofor, stands out for its innovative features.

LIBRA is designed to meet the strictest regulations regarding lead content reduction while providing excellent mechanical properties and workability.

Its resistance to corrosion and compatibility with hydronic applications make it ideal for manufacturing fittings and critical components. Using this alloy highlights Tecnofor’s commitment to combining quality, innovation, and environmental sustainability.

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